The Syrian independent exile media as a sector is at the core of this study. To understand the unique nature of this sector, the study contextualises the issues pertaining to the Syrian independent exile media in the wider framework of exile media globally, and donors’ approaches to media development in the context of conflict, postconflict and fragile states (including approaches to exile media); it also discusses lessons learned more generally and draws on examples through case studies. The study is divided into two parts: 1. Independent exile media globally — practices,
policies and lessons learned; and 2. Syrian exile organisations and institutions.

Authors: Biljana Tatomir, Enrico de Angelis and Maryia Sadouskaya-Komlach